If you want to make some serious cash through affiliate marketing then this is definitely the product you want to promote. With the migraine market size over 500 million people worldwide and 30 million people in the US alone affected by migraine headaches, this is a market which is undervalued and unsaturated.
We at "The Migraine Relief" are looking for both beginners and experienced Internet marketers who can help promote and sell this product. We are one of the only online companies to treat affiliates with the up most respect, and to show this respect below we have an extensive range of affiliate marketing material for you to use.
We also provide an optional affiliate newsletter, where you can subscribe and stay up to date with the latest "Migraine Relief" information, as well as be the first to download new affiliate material, whether this be the latest affiliate guides or the latest Migraine relief templates. We would like to stay in touch with all of our affiliates, so we can communicate and help you out as much as we can, as I mentioned before we treat our affiliates with respect and we offer full support when needed.
Please take a look at our affiliate material below and make you're choice, do you want to build a strong partnership which will allow you to benefit from an increasingly large market with a massive variety of professional affiliate materials and the oppurtunity to communicate with expert marketers right at you're finger tips.
Come on board, and take advantage today.
The ultimate in Migraine Relief guides, "The Migraine Relief" provides migraine sufferers everything they need to know, to prevent and treat and relieve migraines.
"The Migraine Relief" Product Details
To promote 'The Migraine Relief' and earn commission as an affiliate you'll need to have a Clickbank affiliate account, you can get yours here if you don't have one already, it's free and takes several minutes to complete. This is our product CBID.
Once you are signed up to Clickbank, you will have chosen a 'nickname' - Below is your affiliate link to promote TheMigraineRelief.com simply replace 'xxxxxx' with YOUR Clickbank ID on the link below.
http://xxxxxx.themigrel.hop.clickbank.net
This is the affiliate link you'll be using to promote this product, you'll use it on banners, landing pages and buttons, remember, it is very important to replace 'xxxxxx' with your own Clickbank nickname.
Subscribe to our Migraine Relief affiliate newsletter and stay up to day with the latest tips and techniques for promoting "The Migraine Relief". Tried and tested techniques as well as the latest Affiliate tools and resources. Subscribe and also be entered in to our Affiliate competitions with a chance to win cash prizes and many more.
This is our impressive collection of affiliate banners and ads. You can use any of these for your campaigns and promotions of 'The Migraine Relief' just left-click the image you want to use, and select 'Save Image as...' then use it on your site and ensure that you add your affiliate link to the image.
Note: You are only allowed to use these images to promote 'The Migraine Relief' the use of these banners to promote other products is strictly prohibited.
These are our set of high quality graphics for you, use them on your review sites, blogs, ppc landing pages and more. Make sure you save the image to your hard drive first, then just add it to your site with your hoplink or use them just as reference without affiliate links, but we do recommend that wherever you use these graphics that you add your affiliate link to them.
Note: You are only allowed to use these images to promote 'The Migraine Relief' the use of these graphics to promote other products is strictly prohibited.







We have developed unique and high converting landing page templates you can use to promote 'The Migraine Relief', each of these were created by expert designers, coders and affiliate marketers so you can be sure that you're getting a quality resource for your campaigns. Download the one you want to use, we have: Review-style template and a pre-sell template you can use. Just use the buttons below to start downloading. Instructions are inside the zip folder of each template. Add your content, upload your own images, insert your affiliate links and start promoting!
Note: You are only allowed to use these templates to promote 'The Migraine Relief' the use of these templates to promote other products is strictly prohibited.
High converting review template, you can add your own images, make sure you insert your affiliate links.
These are just some of the template features:
- Space for testimonials and social proof.
- Featured Top Product section.
- Top product page included already.
Very simple but effective template, perfect to directly pre-sell the product, straight to the point.
These are just some of the template features:
- Clean and simple to use, just add your text and links.
- Distraction free template, just add your affiliate links..
- High converting, great for PPC and article marketing.
Building a list is another great way to promote 'The Migraine Relief', by doing so you'll get more chances of preselling the product therefore building trust between you and your subscribers. You'll have to use a squeeze page template and something of real value to give away; but don't worry we've got you covered, our team has created these for you.
Note: You are only allowed to use this template or email course to promote 'The Migraine Relief' the use of these materials to promote other products is strictly prohibited.

This email mini course will provide valuable information to your subscribers in exchange for their name and email.
These are the topics of the emails in the mini course:
- Introduction and overview of the course.
- Lesson 1 - "Is it a migraine or just a headache?"
- Lesson 2 - "The truth about medications for migraines"
- Lesson 3 - "Identifying the causes of your migraines"
- Lesson 4 - "Common herbal remedies and treatments"
- Lesson 5 - "Bonus tips and advice to treat migraines"
Download the Template files and the Mini Course emails
Blogs are really hot! You can take advantage of this and setup an affiliate blog to promote 'The Migraine Relief', Our team has prepared a nice affiliate WordPress theme for you, but it's not just a normal theme, it has several features that will help you increase conversions and attract more visitors.
Note: You are only allowed to use this theme to promote 'The Migraine Relief' the use of this material to promote other products is strictly prohibited.

Setup an affiliate blog to promote 'The Migraine Relief', it is very simple, just follow these simple instructions.
1.- Download the theme, unzip and upload it to your site.
2.- Post related content for your visitors and add about page.
3.- Post a story or review and add your affiliate links.
4.- Let people comment and moderate comments.
5.- Once you have enough comments close them.
6.- Change the picture author.gif for your own.
7.- Edit the information about you in the sidebar and footer.
8.- Change the link of the top banner in header.php
9.- Keep adding content and promoting your site.
Download the WordPress Theme Here
If you want to create a PPC campaign to promote 'The Migraine Relief' you can use the ads we have prepared for you as inspiration or ideas, these ads have been previously tested, you can change them slighly and/or add your own text. Remember to test different ad variations and measure your results. Find the exact ad variation that brings you more sales and profit.
We have taken the time to hand pick relevant and highly searched and targeted keywords many of which have been tested to convert. These are just a handful of the keywords which are both relevant and highly targetable for 'The Migraine Relief' however to get you started, use these keywords for PPC campaigns, article marketing and blogging. A tip for futher enhancing you're keyword list would be to dig deeper, target longer tailed keywords and find highly searched yet low competition keywords.
Our R&D team has developed the 'Affiliate Domain Mixing Table' just for you. It is a tool that will help you brainstorm possible domain combinations for your campaigns. We recommend you write down the names you come up with and then check if they're available. Always try to go for a .com first, if it is not available then use the other extensions. Also only use '-' and numbers when the domains you want are not available anymore. You can create dozens of combinations. Try GoDaddy or NameCheap to register your domains.
How it works: This is how the 'Affiliate Domain Mixing Table' works, you just have to select words from each column and mix them together with a domain extension. For example: We pick the word "Best" with "Migraine" then from the other column we select the word "Pain" and then "Treatment" with a .com extension, so now we have a great domain called: BestMigrainePainTreatment.com , cool huh?! you don't have to use all the columns, just make sure you include the word "Migraine" or "Migraines" in your domain.

Writing blogs is one of the best ways to promote 'The Migraine Relief' guide, people love reading stories, different articles and reviews, so by blogging about the migraine niche, and introducing or reviewing this product you'll have good chances of making more sales. Try to keep adding content and update your blog to make it rank higher in search engines, also try to grab a "Keyword Rich" domain for your blog, ie: migrainefastsolution.wordpress.com that way you'll have better chances to increase traffic by ranking higher.
Now take a look at these sites where you can register FREE blogs, and also look at some ideas to blog about.
Forums are a great way to promote 'The Migraine Relief' because many potential customers go there to share their experiences, their thoughts and to find a solution to their problem, so it is a good idea to use forums to promote your affiliate link and make sales. What you should do is get a .com or any other related domain or free blog and create a site that reviews or pre-sells the product, here are some tips that will help you with you're forum promotions.
Tip one: Remember to cloak you're affiliate links, with a free link cloaker of you're own PHP redirection, it is very important.
Tip two: Remember people love to read success and inspiration stories explaining how people solved a similar problem.
Tip three: Always try to share useful information before you start promoting you're landing page, share tips and solutions.
Now take a look at these sample forum signatures you can use with you're affiliate links, feel free to change them.
Remember that it is very important not to SPAM the boards with you're links, be very careful with this and with what you say about 'The Migraine Relief', please avoid making false claims. Share useful information and interact with other users, gain their trust and you'll make more sales.
Below is a list of forums where you can signup, create a user and them promote you're affiliate links.
While promoting a product, in this case 'The Migraine Relief', it is very important to cloak, hide or mask your affiliate links to prevent people from just going straight to the site without using you're link, that way you're commission will be safe and appropriately credited. You can use diverse methods to cloak a link, you can use Free link cloakers or PHP redirect, here's how to do it.
Step one: Create a PHP file using your favorite HTML editor, and paste the code below, it is php redirect header.
Step two: Edit the sample hoplink contained in the code and add you're own ClickBank ID and your TID for tracking.
Step three: After saving you're file with a suitable name upload it to your server, you can create a directory like /recommends and upload it there, so for example you're link is cloaked now and you use: mysite.com/recommends/link.php that way instead of a hoplink you have a more professional link to use for you're campaigns.
This is the code you have to copy and paste into your PHP file, remember to replace xxxxxx with your Clickbank ID.
Remember to always test you're links before starting with you're campaigns. If you want a fast solution, then use any of the following link cloakers, they're free and very easy to use, you just have to add you're affiliate link and the site will generate a masked link you can use for you're promotions.
Content is very important for your marketing campaigns, it doesn't matter if you're creating a blog or a simple niche content site, you'll need valuable, keyword-rich and related content to fill it. Like your visitors, search engines also need something to read in you're site. That's why we have prepared a great collection of more than 65+ high quality migraine-related articles that you can use. Just remember to rewrite them slightly so that they appear to be 'unique' articles to the search engines.
Step one: Download the .ZIP file we have prepared for you containing all these 65+ articles. The link is below.
Step two: Unzip the file and extract the articles, you'll find them in .TXT format, very easy to use, read and edit.
Step three: Rewrite, edit, change and add information to these articles, we do reccommend you change the title, this is very important.
Step four: Save your new articles and upload them to you're site, submit them to directories or post them in your blogs, use them to promote 'The Migraine Relief' system. Remember to insert you're affiliate links if necessary.
This is the code you have to copy and paste into you're PHP file, remember to replace xxxxxx with you're Clickbank ID.
The "Read More" Technique
So, what else can you do with this valuable content? Well we have a cool idea for you. We have used this technique with extraordinary results. What you have to do is create a blog with you're own domain, register a keyword-rich domain so you can grab organic traffic from search engines. Then you're going to start posting the articles directly to your WordPress blog, like a normal post but intead of pasting the whole article you'll be pasting only half of it, that's right, like an excerpt, then at the end of each post, right after the information you just pasted you'll be adding your masked affiliate link, with the text "READ MORE IN PAGE XX" just replace 'XX' with any number from 10 to 60 that way people that are really interested in keep reading will go straight to the main sales page using you're affiliate link, that way they'll be more likely to purchase because they want to continue reading. Try and you'll see the results.
Here's a list of the TOP articles directories where you can submit you're rewritten articles:
We realise that writing reviews of products is sometimes both daunting and time consuming so we have created a special review of 'The Migraine Relief' product that you can use for you're marketing campaigns, it is like a "Review Template" use it in your blog, or any other site where you'd like to promote the program, just remember to modify the content a little bit, play around with the words and terms and remember to insert you're affiliate links.
Below is a sample review you can use, you can add more content if you want, and we reccommend that you do, just select the text, copy and paste it in a place where you can easily edit it.
"Welcome to 'The Migraine Relief' review. Read through my honest review of this great system to find out if it’s really what you need to prevent, control and get rid of your migraines in a very easy, natural and effective way. My goal is to provide you the most accurate, detailed and honest information regarding 'The Migraine Relief' system and share my own experience with this guide and my point of view with you.
There are many medications, pills and expensive treatment available against migraines, but the truth is that these 'solutions' only hide the real problem, they only hide your symptoms without properly control the real cause of your migraines. If you have been suffering migraines for a while then you know how painful they are and how they can affect your daily life, then you also know how frustrating it is to use these medications and treatments without seeing a real improvement, of course, they can relieve pain, but onyl for a while, there are no gurantees that your migraines will leave forever. That's why it is important to find the real cause of the problem and attack it with a real natural solution that will prevent your migraines from appearing so constantly and at the same time learn how to control them.
Well that wasn't possible a few months back, but it is today, thanks to a great guide called 'The Migraine Relief' it is basically a system that will help you understand how migraines work, where they come from, how they're produced and how to prevent, control and treatment effectively, and the best part is that the methods exposed in this guide are 100% natural, no need to take medications.
But how did I discovered 'The Migraine Relief'? well it was back then when I was still fighting agains them, a friend of mine told me about it and I decided to try it, to be honest i really enjoyed reading it, but I enjoyed most applying the methods and techniques, and it was really fun also. But whay can you expect from 'The Migraine Relief'? Well here are just SOME things you'll discover inside this guide:
- How to identify if a migraines is approaching and how to prevent it.
- How to indentify foods, stress factors and other things that can trigger your migraines.
- How to control them using natural methods and easy to follow techniques.
- How to avoid migraine related side effects.
- How to treat them effectively once they appear.
- How to reduce and relief pain as well as other symptoms.
- Much much more.
It really is a very complete guide, but that's not all, with 'The Migraine Relief' you also receive an amazing pack of priceless bonuses that will complement your knowledge, you'll be able to attack migraines with this set of secret weapons, for example, you also get "The Migraine Journal" guide, which will show you how to create and use your own migraines journal to track your daily progress. Another bonus you'll receive is "Delicious & Healthy Recipes for Migraine Sufferers" this is a guide that contains a nice collection of some of the most delicious and healthy recipes for those suffering from migraines. But that's not all, 'Pain Management- Tips & Techniques' is also included and will help you manage your pain with very simple techniques. Well as you can see this system is very complete, and the value is really huge, for just $39.95 much much less than what you usually pay for a SINLGE visit to the doctor you'll get all this, where can you ge tit, well very simple just follow the link below and it will take you straight to the site, hope you enjoy it.
As you can see this is a very complete and persuasive review, we advice you to add more information and complement the review with something like a personal story, you don't have to lie, just imagine how people with migraines feel. Become one of them, try to think how your prospects feel at the time they arrive to your site.
Videos are extremely popular at the moment, people love videos. Video marketing has become a very popular technique, nowadays sites like YouTube allow us to upload, share and distributes our videos to make them available to anyone. You can promote 'The Migraine Relief' using videos too, they're very effective, we have prepared a cool 'Infomercial' video for you just download it, add your url as a watermark and share it, or you can use it as an intro video for you're product review on you're site or blog.
Step one: Download the video file using the link below the video.
Step two: Use any video watermarking software to add you're url to the video, you can use Windows Movie Maker.
Step three: Upload you're video to the sites we provide (see list below) and start promoting it. Get prepared for traffic.
Step four: Keep sharing the video or create you're own, be creative!
Take a look at the infomercial video we have prepared for you!
If you can't see the video above, please try reloading the page
DOWNLOAD WMV VIDEO FILE HERE | DOWNLOAD FLV VIDEO FILE HERE
List of TOP video sharing sites:
Here's a list of some of the largest and most important social bookmarking sites. These sites are very popular and you can spread your news, articles, posts and sites very easily and with incredible server-crushing results. They allow you to save bookmarks online and categorize them with keywords so you can access them and share them with ease. Just create an account on each one of these sites and bookmark you're site or landing page where you're promoting 'The Migraine Relief'. Try to add a catchy title that draws attention, that way you'll get more visitors to you're site and hopefully more sales.
Here's a list of the TOP social bookmarking sites:
Twitter is a microblogging online community that allows you to update you're profile contatly and share links with your followers. Twitter has become a very popular and powerful marketing tool lately, you can literally reach thousands upon thousands of people with it. Well we have compiled a list of some killer resources that will help you promote 'The Migraine Relief' product successfuly with Twitter, just take a look at each one of them, be creative I'm sure you'll find out how to use them for you're marketing campaigns, hope you enjoy them.
Here's the list of killer Twitter resources:
As an affiliate of 'The Migraine Relief' you're goal is to presell the product effectively to achieve maximum conversion rates and generate more sales that will then turn into high commissions for you. Since preselling is one of the most important steps of the process we've prepared a selection of tips and techniques you can use to effectively present the product to you're prospects.
Remember one thing, preselling is about BUILDING TRUST - since people will be exchanging their money for a digital good, they want to be sure that what they'll be getting will benefit them and will provide maximum VALUE. People will only buy something if they trust that it will help them. You're job as an affiliate is to build up that trust before sending them to the main page of the product. This is the process known as 'Preselling' the key of this process is actually very simple, PRESELL BY NOT SELLING ANYTHING, remember that they are also looking for social proof, testimonials, customer feedback and a similar STORY to theirs. They are looking for the experience and results of someone with the same problem. Here's a list of tips and techniques you should use in your marketing campaigns of 'The Migraine Relief' guide:
1.- Provide REAL value to you're prospects before presenting them you're affiliate link; this can be a story on how you solved you're problem, you can share you're experience or just a set of valuable points.
2.- Use a compelling headline, start building trust from the beginning. One of the best ways to do this is to state that you were surprised or shocked about you're personal experience with the product and how it helped with you're problem.
3.- Show a picture, it can be yours or a picture of somebody else, just make sure you have permission to use it. A picture helps in building trust and creates a bond between the prospect and you, this is because they can 'see' the person sharing the story with them.
4.- Follow the presell layout to achieve maximun results:
(Present the problem) - (Describe you're search for a solution) - (Reveal the solution to the problem) - (Call to action)
That's the way a strong and persuasive presell is done, use these tips and techniques to present the product to you're prospects, the results will amaze you.
People are constantly looking for valuable information on Squidoo related to health, migraines and headaches included. So it is a good idea to build you're main 'Money Site' using Squidoo build some strong links to it and then drive traffic directly to us using you're affiliate link. Here's a graphic that explains the overall process:
Please note that WordPress.com, Blogger and Wetpaint are just some examples of Web 2.0 properties you can use, there are many of them that will provide strong links to your Squidoo 'Money Site' you can also use articles and EzineArticles to drive direct traffic from the site to your're Squidoo lens, this will also get you some extra links. The whole idea is to build a really STRONG lens to dominate profitable keywords so remember to make it keyword-rich, use your're main terms in the title, description, URL and tags, spread your're keywords all over the body of your're lens but always provide valuable information for the reader.
Ideally you want to create one Squidoo power lens for each profitable search term to obtain better results, that's one strategy, the other one is to try to dominate a core keyword (ie: migraine headaches) with only one lens and then keep optimizing it.
After that you can expand this method, keep posting articles to top article directories like EzineArticles and point your're links to the 'Money Site' (your're Squidoo lens) Create and post videos on youtube and other video sharing sites, watermark them with the URL of your're lens and also include a link to it in your're video description area. Use also social bookmarking sites and press releases, then repeat until you have a strong network of lenses dominating profitale terms.
Remember that to dominate a niche it is important to establish yourself as an expert in the field. You can do this using the power of BUM marketing, why? because you have already published articles with your're name and you can use this 'credibility' and previous exposure to your're advantage. The beauty of this system is that you can combine both, BUM marketing and Squidoo to build profitable campaigns.
Offline marketing is another great way to get traffic and leads to your're marketing campaigns, there's a whole world outside and just like people searching for a solution online there are people looking for it outside, you can take advantage of this situation and promote 'The Migraine Relief', there are many methods and tactics you can use, one of them is with the use of printed flyers, we've designed a flyer you can use to get more attention and traffic directly to your're pre-sell page. Take a look at the preview below.
Download PSD File - Photoshop Users | Download PDF File Here
It is very simple, this is a 11 x 4 inches flyer, you just have to distribute it on strategic locations in your city or town. Follow this simple instructions:
1.- Download the PSD file and unzip it, if you want you can also download the PDF version for easy editing.
2.- Use PhotoShop to edit the file and add the URL of your pre-sell site.
3.- Now you can look in your're local directory of YelloPages and find a printing company near you.
4.- Once you receive the printed flyers, start distributing them yourself or hire someone to do it for you.
If you want to get better results we suggest you distribute your're printed material in schools, universities, drug stores, malls, streets, and outside hospitals, always ask for permission to the owner of the place before giving away this flyers. Also if you want to track your offline campaigns you can create a separate site just for this, do not send traffic from online sources to this site, just the traffic coming from your're offline marketing campaign. Just be creative.
It is very important to know who the target audience is. Identifying their needs will enable you to determine what's the best way to reach them and provide a solution for their problem. In order to successfuly promote 'The Migraine Relief' system you need to understand how your're prospects behave, who they are, what they feel, which sites they frequently visit etc. This will allow you to develop a stronger strategy. Take a look to the following graphic, as you can see, 70% of the cases are women and the remaining 30% are men, so it is a good idea to create a female character for your're marketing campaigns men are also more interested in buying if the person reccommending the product is a women. Keep that in mind.
Tailor your campaigns so that they're relevant to the target audience, remember when people say 'Become your customer'? Well this is very true, you have to put yourself in the place of your prospects, this is a very powerful tip. While creating your content, building your site or putting together your're campaigns, remember to focus your're effort on satisfying your're target audience.
More than 30,000,000 people in the U.S suffer migraines, constantly. Worlwide the number reaches 500 million. People that suffer a migraine at least once in their lives reaches almost 1 BILLION! this is a huge market. 15 million people in the U.S remain undiagnosed.
Costs for Migraine: $15 billion in missed work or reduced productivity annually. U.S only.
Most common causes of migraines in women: Stress, depression, hormones, menstruation, menopause, pregnacy.
Most common causes of migraines in men: Stress, tension, bad nutrition habits, alcohol, smoking.
Migraines by country (approximated only): Canada: +/- 3.5 Million, Mexico: +/- 16 Million, UK: +/- 8 Million, Australia: +/- 2 Million, Japan: +/- 8.5 Million, France: +/- 2 Million, Germany: +/- 10 Million, Eastern Europe: 33 Million
*Data provided by the NINDS - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokes
As an affiliate of 'The Migraine Relief' it is very important to know or at least understand the basics of migraines, headaches and how people with these illnesses behave. Why? well because the more understanding you have about this niche the more quality content you'll provide to your're prospects, this is going to give you an unfair advantage over those affiliates that do not know about this topic.
We know that one of the most difficult aspects of promoting a niche product is to understand the target audience and to learn about it, that's why we want to make it easier for you, we want to take all the hard work away, good news! We have done all the research for you! Just take the time to download and read this brief guide that will provide you the necessary details to become almost an expert in the field of migraines, headaches and related issues.
To download your're Affiliate Guide just click the image above and save the PDF file or click here if you want..
Internet Marketing is a massive field with various sub catergories, such as search engine optimisation (SEO) and Article marketing, well over the past several weeks and the up and coming months our team are collectively testing out each method for "The Migraine Relief" product. We shall be using our results to create several Affiliate guides on several different sub topics of Internet marketing, which we hope will help YOU promote "The Migraine Relief" and convert.
Below are several Internet Marketing guides, one of which is dedicated solely to The Migraine Relief, the other three were written by myself, for my Internet Marketing blog but I am giving them to you for free.
'The Migraine Relief' is a product that really helps people with this problem, all the information has been well researched and tested, this is a great product to promote as an affiliate, spread the word and earn huge commissions, you can be confident that you're not only promoting a product that will benefit you but also a product that will help people in this situation.
Oh yes, we're not like other vendors, we do offer support to our affiliates. We understand that our affiliates need help and that's why we always want to provide you high quality tools and resources for your're campaigns. We want to provide you with the latest strategies and methods to make more sales and earn more money with 'The Migraine Relief' so if you have questions or would like extra support please feel free to contact us, don't be shy.
The Migraine Relief is a BIG WINNER! The author Elizabeth Hayden is a real expert in the field of migraines and has helped many people all around the world to solve their problem.
You'll find that this offer converts incredibly well and that you can find prospects and profit without problem. But that's not all, let's take a look here at 5 great reasons why you should promote 'The Migraine Relief' guide:
As you can see we have created one of the best affiliate resource pages in the world, you now have all the necessary tools and resources to start promoting and make profit from 'The Migraine Relief'. It is a great opportunity to dominate this market and build a long term business promoting this amazing high quality product.
The Migraine Relief uses CB-Analytics and we're proud of that! If you want to learn more about the facts and stats behind this product please check: CB-Analytics
Disclaimer: We're providing our affiliates all the necessary tools and resources for their promotions and campaigns, we're not making false claims, and we do not guarantee any kind of success, that obviously depends on the effort, knowledge and skills of each individual. 'The Migraine Relief', the author or the publishers have no responsability on what our affiliates make or say, they're acting as individuals and we have no liability for thei acts. We will take care of the customer support and affiliate support, but we will not respond for false claims made by our affiliates.